This chapter offers a comprehensive look into tartan weaving and design, an integral part of Scotland’s heritage. Tartan’s journey from a practical cloth to a cultural emblem is as colorful as the patterns themselves. Originating in the Scottish Highlands, tartan was initially used by clans as a means of identification. The chapter discusses how tartan patterns are created, focusing on the techniques of weaving. It explains the role of warp and weft in forming the unique tartan grid and delves into the choice of colors, influenced by natural dyes available historically. The chapter also explores the evolution of tartan designs, affected by both social changes and technological advancements.